My Hobbies - Circad Course - Lesson 3
Components Wiring

Parabola

Barra Colore



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After you've placed the components and the power points it's necessary to connect them togheter with the PL command. This command is used to place signal lines (layer Signal) and graphical lines (layer Symbol). The standard dimension used for signal lines is 10 mils, but you can use another dimension... but all the components were created to be connected with a 10 mils signal lines.

The graphical lines can be placed everywhere, because they are placed into the Symbol layer, that during the automatic creation of the TUTOR.NET file, containing the wirings list, are not considered. So, if you connect the components with a graphical line... is the same that you do not connect them!

The wiring of the electrical elements must be done placing the extremity of the signal line exactly over the pin of the component to connect. The line can have every type of shape and be maked by many segments joined toghether... but the only important thing is that the extremity will to coincide with the master pad (green enhanced into the figure above) of the components. Every component have at least one master pad, that represents the effective and real electric connection with the external world.


In the electric scheme of TUTOR1.SCH doesn't exists crossed signal lines, like it happens in many electric schemes. To understand if a couple (or more) crossed signal are wired toghether, Circad distinguishes between crossing (example C) and wiring (examples A, B, D, E).

In the A example a signal line extremity ends over the route of another line. Circad will make these lines electrical wired togheter. In these case it is a good method to place a Signal Dot with the PD command (example B). This is not a "must" but can help to remember if two signal are wired toghether or simply crossed.

When a line simply cross another one without the user press the left mouse button onto the cross point (red enhanced) durind the wire placing, then Circad will consider the lines electrically indipendent (example C). If the user press the left button mouse onto the cross point, the program will electrically connect the lines. To clarify if a couple of signal is joined or simply crossed is always a good thing to use a Signal Dot, with the PD command. Remember that placing a Signal Dot onto the point where two lines are simply crossed it's equivalent to connect them electrically! The connection still remain also if you delete the Signal Dot!



To verify the signal lines were placed correctly, you can use the NS command, pressing the left mouse button over a track line. Circad will enhances in white all the signal lines connected - phisically, by bus, by power points, etcetera - allowing to verify the wirings are correct. To remove the enhancing simply click far from the signal lines.

To automatically verify the wirings were done correctly you can also use the N+ or N- commands, that controls the tracks placed next (+) or previously (-) respect the last signal line checked with the NS command. If you have never used this command all the tracks in the circuit will be checked.

These commands are able to verify the presence of short-circuit between named signal lines, like +VCC and GND, with a "Two or more Signals are cross-linked" warning message. In the next lessons you will learn how to manage correctly the name of the signal lines.

< After you've placed all the signal lines, you'll can appreciate one of the most powerful function of Circad, that is the ability to move, rotate or redimension a component and to drag, at the same time, the wired signal lines.

You can try this using the GC or GO commands. Moving and draggind the signal lines can be applied to a single component and also at areas, defined with the BLOCK menu options.

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If you make a mistake when you place signal lines, use the useful GE and GL commands to modify the tracks. The lines are also objects, so they can be rotated, deleted or moved, with the EDIT and GRAB menus options.



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